FUNDAMENTAL OF COMPUTER THEORY
FUNDAMENTAL
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What is Computer?
Ø Computer is an electronic
device or a machine.
1)Machine
2)Desktop
3)P.C (Personal Computer)
4)System
5)Computer
(1)RAM
(2)ROM
(3)Hard disk
(4) D.V.D writer
(5)Motherboard
(6)Processer
(7)LAN (Local Area Network)
(8)V.G.A port
(9)U.S.B port
(10)H.D.M.I port
(11)Sata cable
(12)Pata cable
(13)Hard disk cable
(14)D.V.D writer cable
(15)Speaker port
(16)Network Adapter Card
(17)C.P.U cabinet
(18)S.M.P.S (Switch Mode Power
Supply)
(19)Monitor
(20)U.P.S
(21)Keyboard
(22)Mouse
(23)Joystick
(24)Light pen
(25)Track ball
(26)Scanner
(27)Digitizer
(28)Microphone
(29)Magnetic Ink Card Reader
(30)Optical Character Reader
(31)Bar Code Reader
Functionalities
of a computer: - Any digital computer carries out five function in
grass terms.
1)Takes data
as input
2)Stores the
data
3)Process the
data and converts it into useful information
4)Generate
the output
Disadvantage
of computer: -
1)Dependency: - It
functions as per a user’s instruction so it is fully dependent human being.
2)Environment: - The
operating environment of computer should be dust free and suitable.
3)No feeling: -
Computer has no feelings and emotions. It cannot make judgement based on
feeling text, experience, knowledge unlike a human being.
APPLICATIONS
Business: - A computer has high speed of
calculation, diligence, accuracy, reliability or versatility which made it an
integrated part in all business organisation for;
1)Payroll
calculation
2)Budgeting
3)Sales
analysis
4)Financial
forecasting
5)Managing
employees data base
6)Maintenance
of stocks, etc.
Banking: - Today banking is almost totally
depended on computer.
v
Bank
provide following facilities –
1)Banks
provide online accounting facilities which includes current balance, deposit
over drapes, interest, charges, shares and trust records.
2)ATM
machines are making it even easier for customers to deal with banks.
Insurance: - Insurance Company are keeping
all records up to date with the help of computer.
1)Procedure
to continue with policy
2)Starting
date of the policy
3)Next due
instalment of a policy
4)Maturity
date
5)Interest
due
6)Survival
benefit
7)Bonus
Education: -The computer has a lot of
facilities in the education system.
Marketing: - 1) Advertising
2) Home shopping
Health care: - Computer have become important part in hospital, labs and
dispensaries. The computers are being used in a hospitals to keep the recalled
of patient and medicines.
1)Diagnostic system
2)Lab diagnostic system
3)Patient monitoring system
4)Pharma information system
5)Surgery
Government: - Computers play and important role in government some major field in
this category are-
1)Budgets
2)Sales tax department
3)Income tax department
4)Male female ratio
5)Computerization of pen cad
6)Weather fore casting
Communication: - Communication means to convey a message an idea a picture or speech
that is received and understood and currently by the person for whom it is
meant for some main areas in this category are-
1)Email
2)Chatting
3)Use net
4)F.T.P (File Transfer
Protocol)
5)Telnet
6)Video conferencing
Generation of computer:-
·
1st generation – 1946-1959
·
2nd generation – 1959-1965
·
3rd generation – 1965-1971
·
4th generation – 1971-1980
·
5th generation – 1980-continue
v
FIRST GENERATION – First generation of
computer is use vacuum tube is largest in this generation computer is also
largest. It weight 30 tons. Vacuum tube occupied the space of 30 feet by 50
feet. It’s the first electronic computer named ENIAC.
The main features of first generation are:-
1)Vacuum tube technology
2)Unreliable
3)Supported machine language
only
4)Very costly
5)Generated lot of hit
6)Slow input and output
devices
7)Huge size
8)Need of AC
9)Non-potable
10) Consumed lot of electricity
v
SECOND GENERATION – The second generation of
computer ware used of soiled state device is called transistor of computer is
faster than first generation of computer and smaller than the first generation
of computer.
The main features of second generation are:-
1)Use of transistor
2)Reliable in comparison to
first generation computers
3)Smaller size as compared to
first generation computers
4)Generated less hit as
compared to first generation computers
5)Consumed less electricity as
compared to first generation computer
6)Faster than first generation
computer
7)Still very costly
8)AC needed
9)Supported machine and
assembly language
v
THIRD GENERATION – The research in the field
of electronics to the inversion of integrated of integrated circuits popularly
known as IC is used in the place of transistor.
The main features of third generation are:-
1)IC used
2)More reliable in comparison
to previous
3)Smaller size
4)Generated less hit
5)Faster
6)Still costly
7)AC needed
8)Supported high label
language
v
FOURTH GENERATION – Fourth generation of
computer Intel corporation introduced first large scale integrated chip is
called microprocessor for building computer. This chips is used in the piece of
IC chips.
The main features of fourth generation are:-
1)VLSI technology used
2)Very cheap
3)Portable and reliable
4)Use of PC
5)Very small size
6)Pipe line processing
7)No AC needed
8)Consent of internet was
introduced
9)Great developments in the
field of networks
10) Computers became easily available
v
FIFTH GENERATION – In the fifth generation
of computer is VSI technology were replace by ultra-scale integration
technology. This technology helped to developed very small but externally
powerful and faster computer. Which come to be known as robot.
The main features of fifth generation are:-
1)VLSI technology
2)Development of true
artificial intelligence
3)Development of natural
language processing
4)Advancement in parallel
processing
Some computer types of this generation are:-
1)Desktop
2)Laptop
3)Chrome book
History of Computer:-
1)First generation
2)Second generation
3)Third generation
4)Fourth generation
5)Fifth generation
Type of processor:-
1)Pentium-1
2)Pentium-2
3)Pentium-3
4)Pentium-4
5)AMD
6)CELERON
7)Dual core
8)Core to Duo
9)I 3 (Intel)
10) I 5
11) I 7
v Computer P.C system:-
Parts of the front panel-
1)Power switch
2)Reset button
3)Indicator light
4)Floppy drives
5)C.D/D.V.D drives
Part of the rear panel:-
1)Power cable port
2)PS2 port
3)V.G.A (Visual Graphic
Adopter)
4)U.S.B port
5)LAN port
6)Speaker port
Characteristics of a
Computer:-
1)Speed
2)Accuracy
3)Diligence
4)Versatility
I P O
Input Process Output
The major section of C.P.U
are:-
1)Primary memory
2)Arithmetic and Logic
3)Control unit
There are two types of
mode:-
1)G.U.I (Graphical User
Interface)
2) C.U.I (Command User
Interface)
How to start the Computer?
Ø Switch on the electric board
Ø Then click on U.P.S
Ø After that click on C.P.U
Ø Then click on the power
Dutton of monitor
How to shut down the
Computer?
Ø Click on start button
Ø Choose the option of shut down
How to restart the Computer?
Ø Click on start button
Ø Then check of the shutdown
button
Ø And click on restart
How to Hibernate the
Computer?
Ø Click on the start button
Ø Then check on hibernate
How to sleep the Computer?
Ø Click on the start button
Ø Then check the shutdown box
Ø And click on sleep button
How to shut down the
computer through shortcut key?
Ø One time click on window key
Ø Two time click on tab key
Ø One time click on enter key
How to sleep the P.C?
Ø Click on start
Ø Click on the check box of shut
down
Ø Select the sleep option
Ø Then click it
How to use the switch user
box?
Ø Click on start
Ø Click on the check box of
shut down
Ø Select the switch user
Ø Then click it
How to start M.S Paint?
Ø Click on start button
Ø Go to all program
Ø Then click on accessories
Ø After that choose M.S Paint
How to start the notepad?
Ø Click on start button
Ø Go to all program
Ø Then click on accessories
Ø After that choose the option
of notepad
How to start the WordPad?
Ø Click on start button
Ø Go to all program
Ø Then click on accessories
Ø After that choose the option
of WordPad
How to start the M.S Word?
Ø Click on start button
Ø Go to all program
Ø Choose M.S Office
Ø Then click on M.S Word
How to start the M.S Excel?
Ø Click on start button
Ø Go to all program
Ø Choose M.S Office
Ø After that choose the option
of M.S Excel
How to start the Power
Point?
Ø Click on start button
Ø Go to all program
Ø Choose M.S Office
Ø After that choose the option
of Power Point
How to start the M.S
Outlook?
Ø Click on start button
Ø Go to all program
Ø Choose M.S Office
Ø After that choose the option
of M.S Outlook
How to create a folder?
Ø Right click on the blank
space
Ø New
Ø Folder
Ø Type the name of folder
How to rename the folder?
Ø Right click on the folder
Ø And type the new name
How to delete the folder?
Ø Right click on the folder
Ø Then click on delete
How to create a sub-folder?
Ø Right click on the blank
space
Ø New
Ø Folder
Ø Then open the folder
Ø After that right click on
the open folder
Ø New
Ø Folder
Ø Type the name
How to create a blank
folder?
Ø Right click on the blank
space
Ø New
Ø Folder
Ø Type the command
Ø Alt + 255
How to create a file of
notepad?
Ø Right click on the blank
space
Ø New
Ø Choose text document
Ø Type the document name
Ø Example-Tom.txt
Ø .txt is the extension file
How to create a file of
word?
Ø Right click on the blank
space
Ø New
Ø Choose text document
Ø Type the document name
Ø Example-Tom.doc
Ø .doc is the extension file
How to create Excel file?
Ø Right click on the blank
space
Ø New
Ø Choose text document
Ø Excel
Ø Example-Tom.xis
Ø .xis is the extension file
of excel
How to open the control
panel?
Ø Click on start
Ø All program
Ø Choose the accessories
Ø Control panel
2nd process
Ø Win + R
Ø Open the run command
Ø Type the command
Ø Control
3rd process
Ø Click on start
Ø Type the name on the search
file
Ø Control panel
SHORTCUT KEYS
Ctrl +A - All select
Ctrl +B – Bold
Ctrl +C – Copy
Ctrl +D – Font
Ctrl +E – Centre
Ctrl +F – Find
Ctrl +G – Go to
Ctrl +H – Replace
Ctrl +I – Italic
Ctrl +J – Justify
Ctrl +K – Hyper Link
SZXZ
Ctrl +N – New
Ctrl +O – Open
Ctrl +P – Print
Ctrl +R – Right Alignment
Ctrl +S – Save
Ctrl +U – Underline
Ctrl +V – Paste
Ctrl +W – Close
Ctrl +X – Cut
Ctrl +Y – Redo
Ctrl +Z – Undo
·
Home – Goes to beginning of current line.
·
End – Goes to end of beginning of document.
·
Win – Display or hide start menu.
·
Win +Break – Display the system properties dialog box.
·
Win +D – Display the desktop.
·
Win +M –Minimized all of the windows.
·
Win + Shift +M – Restore the minimized windows.
·
Win +E – Open my computer.
·
Win +F – Search for computers.
·
Win +F1 – Display windows file.
·
Win +L – Lock the keyboard.
·
Win +R – Open the run dialog box.
·
Win +O – Open utility manager.
·
Right Arrow – Move to the right or to the beginning of the next line.
·
Left Arrow – Move to the left or to the end of the previous line.
·
Up Arrow – Move up one row.
·
Down Arrow – Move down one row.
·
Page up – Move up one screen at a line.
·
Page down – Move down one screen at a time.
·
F5 Key – Refresh
Alt +F4 – Close the
application
How to show/hide the run
command?
Ø Right click on the taskbar
Ø Go to properties
Ø Click on start menu
Ø Choose customized
Ø Then select the run command
Ø And check in/check out the
run command
Ø Apply
Ø OK
How to start the M.S word
through shortcut key?
Ø Win + R
Ø Open the run command
Ø Type the command
Ø WinWord
How to start the Excel
through shortcut key?
Ø Win + R
Ø Open the run command
Ø Type the command
Ø Excel
How to show the properties
of Computer?
Ø Win + R
Ø Type the command
Ø Dxdiag
How to show operating
system?
Ø Win + R
Ø Type the command
Ø Winver
How to solve the problem of
computer?
Ø Win + R
Ø Type the command
Ø % temp %
Ø Ctrl + A
Ø Delete all files
2nd process
Ø Win + R
Ø Prefetch
Ø Ctrl + A
Ø Delete the all files
3rd process
Ø Win + R
Ø Recent
Ø Ctrl + A
Ø Delete all files
4th process
Ø Win + R
Ø Cookies
Change what happens when you
press the power button on your computer.
Ø You can choose what happens
when you press the power button on your computer case (or the edge of a
laptop). The computer can shut down, sleep, hibernate or do nothing. You can
apply the same setting to all of your power plans or you can apply different
setting to individual power plans.
What is theme?
Ø A theme is a combination of
pictures, colours and sounds on your computer. It includes a desktop
background, a screen saver, a window folder colour and a sound scheme; some
themes might also include desktop icons and mouse pointers.
Windows comes
with several themes. You can choose an aero theme to personalize your computer;
the windows 7 basic theme if your computer is performing slowing, or a high
contrast theme to make the items on your screen easier to see. Click a theme to
apply it to your desktop.
What is CMOS?
Ø Complementary Metal Oxide
Semiconductor, or CMOS, typically refers to a battery powered memory chip in
your computer that stores start up information, your computer’s basic
input/output system (BIOS) uses this information when starting your computer.
What is a firewall?
Ø A firewall is software or
hardware that checks information coming from the internet or a network and the
either blocks it or allows it to pass through to your computer, depending on
your firewall setting.
c.1) Motherboard: -All the electronic
components in a system are mounted on a piece of fiberglass called the
motherboard. Fiberglass is used because it is non-conductor of electricity and
hence various components remain insulated from one other. Thin metal lines on
the fiberglass connect pins from one components to another, forming the
computers electrical circuits.
c.2
Microprocessor: -A
microprocessor executed all the program instructions and is truly the heart of
the personal computer, it consists of a silicon chip on which tiny circuits are
engraved through a photochemical process. These chips are available in
different types and sizes. Some common types are Intel P4, Celeron etc.
4 Bit - 1 Nibble
8 Bit - 1 Byte
1024 Byte - 1 KB (Kilo Byte)
1024 KB - 1 MB (Mega Byte)
1024 MB - 1 GB (Giga Byte)
1024 GB - 1 TB (Tera Byte)
1024 TB - 1 PB (Penta Byte)
1024 PB - 1 HX (Hexa Byte)
1024 HX - 1 YB (Yotta Byte)
Characteristics of a
computer: - The following are the
characteristics of a typical computer.
A)
Speed: - Present day computers
operate at very high speed. A computer can perform several million instruction
(calculation) in one second. For example, it can add or multiply 2,000,000
numbers in a second.
B)
Accuracy: - Computer have a high degree
of consistent accuracy with rare chances of inaccurate results. If you ask a
computer to perform a calculation say, division of two numbers a thousand
times, it will perform each division operation with the same accuracy.
C)
Diligence: - When human beings are
required to work continuously for a few hours, they become tired and start
losing concentration. On the other hand, a computer can continue to work for
hours (OR EVEN DAYS) at same speed and accuracy.
D)
Versatility: -Computers are very
versatile. The same computer can be used for various applications. For
instance, you can use a personal computer (PC) to prepare the balance sheet of
a company, store a database of employees, produce a professional-looking advertisement,
send or receive fax messages, etc. For a computer to perform a new job, all it
needs is a program.
E) It can store data: -A
computer can store a huge amount of data in its memory. You can store almost
any type of data, such as a letter, picture, sound, etc. In a computer you can
recall the stored data from the computer whenever you need it.
F) It is dumb: -
A computer is dumb. It has no intelligence of its own. It cannot think or apply
its judgement its.*- gets its power from
program that it runs. It will do only what it is asked to do. It has to be told
what to do, and in what sequence, the program that computer runs determines,
what task it will perform.
G)
It has no emotion: - Computer are not living
being. Hence, they do not have any emotions. They do not have any heart or
soul. Human after take some decision based on emotion, taste, feeling etc. In
their daily life, on the other hand, computers always take decisions based on the
program on that they run.
H)
Basic applications of computer: - A computer is a general
purpose local, which can do a variety of jobs, you can use a computers for
different application by changing various kinds of software packages.
Some common use of computers is details as follow:-
(a) Scientific research
(b) Business application
(c) Entertainment
(d) Communication
(e) Medicine
(f) Engineering
(g) In banks
(h) Games
(i) Education
(j) Book publishing
(k) Personal
(l) Accounting
Components of a computer
system: - The five major functional
units of a digital computer are
(a) Central Processing Unit
(CPU)
(b) VDU, Keyboard and Mouse
(c)
Other Input/output device
(d) Computer memory
(e) Concepts of hardware and
software
Unit (Central Processing
CPU): - The CPU is the brain of a
computer, its primary job is to run program and control the operation of all
other components such as memory, keyboard and printer. A lock diagram of the
basic computer organization is shown in figure
|
Input Unit |
|
Storage |
|
Output Unit |
|
Control Unit |
|
Arithmetic Logic Unit |
CENTRAL
PROCESSING UNIT
Input: - Computers receive data from outside, for
example-when the ticket reservation clerk types your ticket booking request,
the computer accepts these details, we feed data as well as instructions into
computers.
Storage: - When you enter data or instruction into the
computer, these are stored somewhere in the computer system because a computer
cannot process or analyse all input data instantaneously, it has to store the
data. The computer will get the data/instruction from the storage unit when it
has to process it. It may also have to store data to do additional processing later,
for instance, the railway reservation computer requires the booking details
again to prepare reservation charts on the data of departure of the train.
Processing: - Computer process (analysis) the input data
available in its stores unit in order to get some useful input, for entrance,
it may process the request for booking of a seat in a particular train on a
particular data and check if a seat is available on the request data.
Outputting: - After the computer has processed the input
data, it provides useful information (result) for the user, for example- the
railways reservation computer may print the ticket or show on the computer
screen that the seat is not available on the request data. This process is
called outputting.
Primary memory: - Primary memory or the main memory unit is
one of the major parts of a computer. It holds data which is currently
manipulated by the CPU. It also keeps the necessary operating system, such as
MS DOS or window. Since primary memory is present within the CPU its self. It
is also known as internal memory or Random Access Memory (RAM).
What is Font?
Ø
A font is a collection of number,
symbol and character. A font describes a certain type face, along with author
qualities, such as size, spacing and pitch.
What is
Proxy server?
Ø A proxy
server is a computer that function as an intermediary between a web browser
(such as Internal Explorer) and the Internet. Proxy server help improve web
performance by starting a copy of frequently used webpages. When a browser
requests a webpages stored in the proxy server’s collection (it cache). It’s
provided by the proxy server which is faster than going to the web proxy server
also help improve security by filtering out song web content and malicious
software.
FULL FORM
CPU –Central
Processing Unit
UPS –Uninterrupted
Power Supply
ALU –Arithmetic
Logic Unit
MU –Memory
Unit
CU –Control
Unit
GUI –
Graphical User Interface
CUI – Command User InOIterface
PAINT
What is paint?
Ø Paint is a simple graphics
program.
How to save the file in MS
Paint?
Ø Go to the file menu
Ø Select the save option
Ø Then write the file name
Ø Then OK
Write the features of MS
Paint?
Ø Using MS paint we can create
edit and print picture
Ø We can draw various object
like geometrical sets
Ø Cartoons, Map etc.
Ø We can open and edit the
scan pictures
Write the tools in MS Paint?
Ø 1) Pencil tools: - The pencil tool is used for drawing and
writing anything with a free hand movement.
2) Eraser tools: - The eraser tool is used to
erase the design, paint of your drawing.
3) Feel with colour: - The feel with colour
is used to feel colour in the selected area.
4) Text tools: - The text tool is used to
type the text in the paint program.
5) Magnifier tools: - The magnifier tool is
used to zoom in the picture.
What is Undo command? Write
the shortcut key.
Ø The undo command is used to
undo up to the last three actions done by the users.
Short cut – CTRL + Z
What is Redo command? Write
the shortcut key.
Ø The redo command is used to
redo the last action.
Short cut – CTRL + Y
What is the resize command?
Ø The resize is used to
increase and decrease the size of picture both vertically and horizontally.
What is rotate command?
Ø The rotate is used to flip
the picture vertically and horizontally and to rotate the picture at an angle.
Name some parts of paint
windows.
Ø 1)Title bar
2) Menu bar
3) Image bar
4) Tool window
5) Colour window
6) Status bar
Write the steps to close the
paint program.
Ø Go to the file option
Ø Then click on the exit
NOTEPAD
What is notepad?
Ø Notepad is a basic text
editing program that we can used to create document for more information.
How can open notepad?
Ø Start
Ø All program
Ø Accessories
Ø Notepad
What is extension file of
notepad?
Ø .txt
How can save the file of
notepad?
Ø Go to the file option
Ø Choose the option of save
Ø Then write the file name
Ø And click on OK
What is the use of notepad
in a computer?
Ø Notepad is a simple text
editor program in Microsoft windows and a basic text editing program which in
able computer users to create document.
How to open the file of
notepad?
Ø Go to the file menu
Ø Then choose the option of
pen
Ø And select the file where
you want to save
Ø Then click on OK
How to print the document in
a notepad?
Ø Go to the file menu
Ø Choose the option of print
Ø Then click on OK
How to show the document in
a print preview option?
Ø Go to the file menu
Ø Then choose the option of
print preview
Ø Click on OK
How to cut, copy and paste
in a notepad?
Ø Go to the edit option
Ø Click on copy, cut
Ø Then go to the blank space
Ø And click on paste
What is the function of find
and replace command?
Ø Go to the edit option
Ø Choose the option of find
and replace command
Ø Type the word where you want
to search
Ø Click on find next option
WORDPAD
What is WordPad?
Ø WordPad is a text editor
program that support very basic formatting the extension file name is .doc
How to start WordPad?
Ø Start
Ø All program
Ø Accessories
Ø WordPad
Short cut – Win + R
Open the run command
Type the command
WordPad
How to save the file in a
WordPad?
Ø Go to file menu
Ø Click on save
Ø Select the file location
Ø Click in save
How to use status bar and
ruler?
Ø Start word
Ø View
Ø Ruler/Status bar
How to use subscript?
Ø Start WordPad
Ø Font
Ø Write the text H2O
Ø Select the number 2
Ø Click on subscript option
How to use superscript?
Ø Start WordPad
Ø Font
Ø Write the text X2
Ø Select the number 2
Ø Click on superscript option
How to use picture in a
WordPad?
Ø Start WordPad
Ø Home tab
Ø Insert
Ø Picture
Ø Select the picture
Ø Open
How to use paint drawing in
a WordPad?
Ø Open WordPad
Ø Home tab
Ø Insert
Ø Click on paint drawing
Ø Draw the picture
Ø Go to the file option
Ø Click on update document
Ø Close the application of
paint
How to insert the object in
a WordPad?
Ø Start word
Ø Home tab
Ø Insert
Ø Click on insert object
Ø Choose the application of
excel, word, power point, etc.
Ø Draw the format or type the
text
Ø Go to the file option
Ø Click on update document
Ø Close the application of
paint
How to use of line spacing
option?
Ø Start word
Ø Home tab
Ø Paragraph
Ø Type the sentence minimum
five lines
Ø Select the all sentence
Ø Then go to the line spacing
option
Ø Click on the 1.0
How to use of background
colour and font colour?
Ø Start word
Ø Home tab
Ø Font
Ø Background colour/Text
colour
How to use zoom in and zoom out?
Ø Start word
Ø View
Ø Zoom in/Zoom out
How to close the WordPad?
Ø Go to the file option
Ø Click on exit
What is extension file of
WordPad?
Ø .rtf
MS WORD
What is MS Word?
Ø MS Word is a most powerful
word processing program using by this we can create later, article, newspaper,
stories etc.
How to start MS Word?
Ø Start
Ø All program
Ø Microsoft office
Ø MS Word
Short
cut – Win +
R
Type the
command
WinWord
How to set page margin?
Ø Open word
Ø Page layout
Ø Page setup
Ø Margin
Ø Set which you work
Ø OK
How to set page boarder?
Ø Start word
Ø Page layout
Ø Background
Ø Page boarder
Ø Choose which you want
Ø OK
How to set page colour on
your page?
Ø Start word
Ø Page layout
Ø Background
Ø Select page colour for your
page
Ø OK
How to set paragraph
boarder?
Ø Start word
Ø Page layout
Ø Page boarder
Ø Click on art
Ø Search the boarder
Ø Click on OK
How to save the file in MS
Word?
Ø Go to the file option
Ø Click on save
Ø Choose the location where
you want to save
Ø Then click on file name
Ø OK
How many tab in MS Word
2007?
Ø (1) Home tab
(2) Insert tab
(3) Page layout
(4) Reference
(5) Review
(6) View
(7) Mailings
How many types of change
case?
Ø There are five types of
change case-
(1) Upper case
(2) Lower case
(3) Sentence case
(4) Toggle case
(5) Capitalize each word
How to use change case on your document?
Ø Start word
Ø Create a document
Ø Home tab
Ø Font group
Ø Change case
Ø Select which change case you
want to use for your document
Ø OK
What is header and footer?
Ø A header is a text printer
in the top margin of every page within a document. Footer text is printer in
the bottom margin come only used header and footer contain your name the print
date and page numbers if you divide your document into section you can create
different header and footer for each sections.
How to use header in
document?
Ø Click on insert tab
Ø Header icon
Ø Choose the option of header
Ø Write the text
Ø Then click on blank space
How to use footer in
document?
Ø Click on insert tab
Ø Footer icon
Ø Choose the option of footer
Ø Write the text
Ø Then click on blank space
How to use hyperlink?
Ø Open MS Word
Ø Insert
Ø Write the text, example-Tom
Ø Select the text
Ø Go to the link option
Ø Choose hyperlink
Ø Click on brows for file
Ø Select the file
Ø OK
Ø OK
Ø Press the ctrl key
Ø And follow the link
How to use equation and
symbol?
Ø Open MS Word
Ø Go to insert tab
Ø Then select the symbol and
equation
Ø Click on equation/symbol
How to use watermark?
Ø Open MS Word
Ø Page layout
Ø Page background
Ø Watermark
Ø Custom watermark
Ø Text watermark
Ø Write the text (Tom)
Ø Select the colour (Red)
Ø Apply OK
How to use page colour?
Ø Open MS Word
Ø Page layout
Ø Page background
Ø Page colour
Ø Select the colour
How to use envelop?
Ø Open MS Word
Ø Go to the mailing tab
Ø Create
Ø Envelop
Ø Write the delivery address
Ø And write the return address
Ø Click on add to document
Ø Yes
How to use spelling and
grammar?
Ø Start word
Ø Review
Ø Spelling and grammar
Ø Ignore all
How to close the MS Word?
Ø Go to the file option
Ø Click on close
MS EXCEL
How to start MS Excel?
Ø Start
Ø All program
Ø Microsoft office
Ø Excel
How to use merge and centre?
Ø Start excel
Ø Home
Ø Alignment
Ø Merge and centre
How to use condition
formatting?
Ø Start excel
Ø Make the report card
Ø Select the marks
Ø Go to the condition
formatting option
Ø Choose greater than/less
than
How to use insert and delete
option?
Ø Start excel
Ø Home
Ø Cells
Ø Insert and delete
How to set the formula of
sum, maximum, minimum, average, count?
Ø 1st PROCESS
Ø Start excel
Ø Make the report card
Ø Select the marks
Ø Go to the auto some option
Ø Choose the option of sum,
max, min, average, count.
2nd PROCESS
Ø Sum - =Sum(a2:j2)
Ø Max - =Max(a2:j2)
Ø Min - =Min(a2:j2)
Ø Average - =Average(a2:j2)
Ø Count - =Count(a2:j2)
How to use shorting and filtering?
Ø Start excel
Ø Make the report card
Ø Select the name, marks, roll
no
Ø Go to the shorting and
filtering option
Ø Click on filter
How to use picture and clip
art?
Ø Start excel
Ø Insert
Ø Picture and clip art
How to use chart?
Ø Start excel
Ø Make the report card
Ø Insert
Ø Select the marks
Ø Click on chart, for example-
Pie, Area, Bar, Line, Column, etc.
How to set the page in
protect and land scape?
Ø Start excel
Ø Page layout
Ø Page setup
Ø Orientation option
Ø Choose the option of land
scape and protect
How to set the background in
excel?
Ø Start excel
Ø Page layout
Ø Page setup
Ø Background
How to set the protect
sheet?
Ø Start excel
Ø Review
Ø Protect sheet
Ø Type the password,
example-(123)
Ø Re-enter password-(123)
Ø OK
How to lock the MS Excel?
Ø Go to the file option
Ø Choose the prepare option
Ø Click on encrypt document
Ø Type the password,
example-(123)
Ø Re-enter password-(123)
Ø Then OK
How to close the MS Excel?
Ø Go to the file option
Ø Click on close
POWER POINT
What is power point?
Ø
Powerpoint is a
software package designed to crteate electronic presentation consisting of a series
of seprate pages or slide.
How to open the power point?
Ø Start
Ø All program
Ø MS Office
Ø MS power point
How to make the slide?
Ø Start power point
Ø Home
Ø Click on new slide
Ø Type the title name
Ø Add to text
How to create new slide in a
power point?
Ø Start power point
Ø Home
Ø New slide
Ø Type the title name,
example- How create excel, chart, smart art, picture, clip art, movie.
How to create the duplicate
slide?
Ø Start power point
Ø Right click on the slide
Ø Click on duplicate slide
How to delete the slide?
Ø Start power point
Ø Right click on the slide
Ø Click on delete slide
How to create a new photo
album?
Ø Start power point
Ø Insert
Ø Photo album
Ø New photo alum
Ø Go to the file disk option
Ø Select the picture
Ø Insert
How to set the slide number?
Ø Start power point
Ø Insert
Ø Slide number
Ø Open the new tab of header
and footer
Ø Check the option of date and
time
Ø And check the slide
number/footer
Ø Type the text of footer, for
example- bye
How to set the design?
Ø Start power point
Ø Select the slide
Ø Go to the design option
Ø And click any design
How to use animation?
Ø Start power point
Ø Select the slide
Ø Go to the animation option
Ø Click on any types of
animation
How to start slide show?
Ø Start power point
Ø Slide show
Ø From beginning
How to lock the power point
application?
Ø Start power point
Ø Go to the file option
Ø Prepare
Ø Select the encrypt document
Ø Type the password
Ø OK
Ø Re-enter password
Ø OK
MS ACCESS
What is MS Access?
Ø MS Access is a more powerful
tool to help you quickly track report and share information in a manageable
environment.
How to start MS Access?
Ø Start
Ø All program
Ø Microsoft office
Ø Access
Ø Blank data base
Ø Create
How to set the design of
software?
Ø Start access
Ø Home
Ø View
Ø Design view
Ø Type the table name
Ø Tom
Ø OK
|
FIELD NAME |
DATA TYPE |
|
ID |
Auto
number |
|
Company |
Text |
|
Last
name |
Text |
|
First
name |
Text |
How to use table template?
Ø Start access
Ø Create
Ø Table templates
Ø Contacts
CONTACTS
|
FIELD NAME |
DATA TYPE |
|
ID |
Auto
number |
|
Company |
Text |
|
Last
name |
Text |
|
First
name |
Text |
|
E-mail
address |
Text |
|
Job
title |
Text |
|
Business
phone |
Text |
|
Home
phone |
Text |
|
Mobile
phone |
Text |
|
Fax
number |
Text |
|
Address |
Memo |
|
City |
Text |
|
State/province |
Text |
|
ZIP/postal
code |
Text |
|
Country/region |
Text |
|
Web
page |
Hyperlink |
|
Notes |
Memo |
|
Attachments |
Attachment |
TASKS
|
FIELD NAME |
DATA TYPE |
|
ID |
Auto number |
|
Title |
Text |
|
Priority |
Text |
|
Status |
Text |
|
% Complete |
Number |
|
Description |
Memo |
|
Start date |
Date/time |
|
Due date |
Date/time |
|
Attachments |
Attachment |
ISSUES
|
FIELD NAME |
DATE TYPE |
|
ID |
Auto number |
|
Opened date |
Date/time |
|
Status |
Text |
|
Category |
Text |
|
Priority |
Text |
|
Description |
Memo |
|
Due date |
Date/time |
|
Comments |
Memo |
|
Attachments |
Attachment |
EVENTS
|
FIELD NAME |
DATA TYPE |
|
ID |
Auto number |
|
Start time |
Date/time |
|
End time |
Date/time |
|
Location |
Text |
|
Description |
Memo |
|
Attachments |
Attachment |
ASSETS
|
FIELD NAME |
DATA TYPE |
|
ID |
Auto number |
|
Item |
Text |
|
Description |
Memo |
|
Category |
Text |
|
Condition |
Text |
|
Acquired date |
Date/time |
|
Purchase price |
Currency |
|
Current value |
Currency |
|
Location |
Text |
|
Manufacture |
Text |
|
Model |
Text |
|
Comments |
Memo |
|
Attachments |
Attachment |
|
Retired date |
Date/time |
CONTROL PANEL
1) Display
2) Folder option
3) Internet option
4) Mouse
5) Power option
6) Remote app desktop connection
7) System
8) Windows firewall
9)
Administrative tools
10) Date and time
11) Fonts
12) Keyboard
13) Network and sharing
centre
14) Programs and features
15) Sound
16) Language
17) Speech recognition
18) Bit locker
19) Device manager
20) User accounts
21) Windows update
22) Devices and Printers
(1) Device manager: - This device is used to view
and update your hardware setting and driver software.
(2) Fonts: - Fonts is used to add,
change and manage the fonts on your computer. Example- Krutidev, Mangal, Arial,
Calibri, Etc.
(3) Keyboard: - Customize your keyboard
setting such as the cursor blink rate and the character repeat rate.
(4) Power option: - Customize energy minimize
performance by choosing have your computer manage power.
(5) Sound: - Configure your audio
devices or change the sound scheme for your computer.
(6) Trouble shooting: - This option is used to
trouble shoot the computer.
(7) Windows update: - This option is used to
update the original operating system.
(8)
Devices and printers: -
This option is used to view update and manage your printer configuration.
(9) Programs and features: -
This option is used to uninstall the program (software).
(10)User account: -
This option is used to create, delete, manage, and change the picture of your
user accounts.
(11)Date and time: -
Set the date and time and time zone for your computer.
(12)Display: -
Change your display setting and make it easier to read what’s on your screen.
(13)Backup and restore: -
This option is used to backup and restore your file, folder, data and system
setting. Monitor latest backup status and configuration.
(14)Mouse: -
Customize your settings such as the button configuration, double click speed,
mouse pointer and motion speed.
(15)Personalization: -
Change the picture, colour and sound for this computer.
(16)Bit locker driver encryption: -
This option is used to lock the drive.
(17)Folder option: -
Customize the display of files and folders.
(18)Internet option: -
Configure your internet display and connection settings.
(19)Windows firewall: -
Set the firewall security options to help protect your computer from hackers.
How to create User Account?
Ø Open the Control Panel
Ø Go to user account
Ø Click on manage another
account
Ø Create a new account
Ø Then type the user name
Ø And choose what types of
user do you want
How to set the password?
Ø Open the Control Panel
Ø Go to user account
Ø Click the manage another
account
Ø Then click on user
Ø Create a password
Ø New password
Ø Conform password
How to delete the password?
Ø Open the Control Panel
Ø Go to user account
Ø Click on manage another
account
Ø Then click on user
Ø Click on delete file
Ø Delete account
How to change the picture?
Ø Open the Control Panel
Ø Go to user account
Ø Click on manage another
account
Ø Then click on user
Ø Change the picture
Ø Select the picture
Ø And change the picture
How to change account name?
Ø Open the Control Panel
Ø Go to user account
Ø Click on manage another
account
Ø Then click on user
Ø Change the account name
Ø Type the new name
Ø Then click on change name
How to change the account
type?
Ø Open the Control Panel
Ø Go to user account
Ø Click on manage another
account
Ø Then click on user
Ø Choose standard or
administrator
Ø Then click on change the
account type
v Driver pack solution: -
How to create backup?
Ø Open the control panel
Ø Choose the option of backup
and restore
Ø Click on setup backup
Ø Select the drive
Ø Next
Ø Click on run backup
How to restore the system?
Ø Start
Ø All program
Ø Accessories
Ø System tools
Ø System restore
Ø Select the restore point
Ø Next
Ø Finish
Ø Yes
GENERAL SOFTWARE
(1)
Office
(2)
ABBYY Fine reader
(3)
Acrobat
(4)
Adobe Photoshop
(5)
Fonts
(6)
Google chrome
(7)
PDF2 word
(8)
Players
a) Multimedia converter
b)
Total video converter
c) VLC media player
d)
Win app
(9)
Typing master
(10)Adobe reader
(11)Dictionary
(12)Excel password breaker
(13)Facebook video calling
(14)File lock
(15)File zeal
(16)Fire fox
(17)Flash player
(18)Folder lock
(19)Google Hindi input
(20)Google earth
(21)Start menu setup
(22)Win zip
(23)Team viewer
(24)Super copy
(25)Tera copy
(26)Start button rename
(27)Ammy admin
(28)Mobile app
a)
Max player
b) True caller
c) YouTube
d) Tube mate
e) WhatsApps
(29)Games
a) Temple run
b) Taking tom
c) MX player
d) Racing Moto
e) Speed car
f) Highway drive
g) Bike mania
h) Aquarium
i) Angry bird
j) Line
(30)IDM (Internet Download
Manager)
(31)Photo sine
(32)Magic ISO maker
(33)PDF create
(34)Photo scape
(35)Tally
(36)Web cam
(37)WinRAR
(38)VNC
(39)Virtual PC
(40)VM ware
(41)Word to PDF converter
FORMATTING
How to create bootable USB
drive and pen drive?
Ø Open the power ISO software
Ø Continue unregistered
Ø Click on tools option
Ø Create bootable USB drive
Ø OK
Ø Yes
Ø Continue unregistered
Ø Open the new tab
Ø Then browse the operating
system
Ø And select the operating
system
Ø Start
Ø OK
Ø Finish
How to format the window 7?
Ø Insert the CD or pen drive
Ø Then reboot the system
Ø Type the key F2, F11, F12,
F9, delete
Ø Open the BIOS tab
Ø Then go to the boot menu
Ø Choose the boot option
Ø And select the first option
is pen drive or CD drive
Ø And select the second option
hard disk
Ø Then press the F10 key/F4
key
Ø Click on yes
Ø Click on next
Ø Click on installation menu
Ø Open the new tab
Ø Then select the bit 86/64
Ø Next
Ø (√) accept the licence term
Ø Next
Ø Custom install windows only
Ø Go to the drive option
Ø Then click on delete
Ø Ok
Ø Click on new tab
Ø Then type the partition of
the hard disk
Ø Select the first drive
Ø Click on next
Ø Ask me later
Ø Type the name
Ø Type the password
Ø And uncheck the windows update option
Ø Select the date and time
Ø Choose the date and time
Chennai, Kolkata, Mumbai, and New Delhi.
Ø Next
Ø Finish
How to format the window 8/10?
Ø Insert the CD or pen drive
Ø Then reboot the system
Ø Type the key F2, F11, F12,
delete
Ø Open the BIOS (Basic Input
Output System) tab
Ø Then go to the boot menu
Ø Choose the boot option
Ø And select the first option
is pen drive or CD drive
Ø And select the second option
hard disk
Ø Then press the F10 key
Ø Click on yes
Ø Click on next
Ø Click on installation menu
Ø Open the new tab
Ø Then select the bit 86/64
Ø Next
Ø (√) I accept the licence
terms
Ø Next
Ø Custom install windows only
Ø Go to the drive option
Ø Then click on delete
Ø OK
Ø Click on new
Ø Then type the partition
option of the hard disk
Ø Select the first drive
Ø Click on next
Ø Type the name
Ø Next
Ø Express setting
Ø Finish
How to open add or remove
program?
Ø APPWIZ.CPL
How to install Microsoft
office software?
Ø Insert the pen drive
Ø Open the office setup
Ø Choose the option of serial
number
Ø Then click on copy the
serial number
Ø After that click on setup
Ø And paste the serial number
Ø Continue
Ø Next
Ø Install now
Ø Finish
How to install the software?
Ø Insert the pen drive or CD
drive
Ø Open the CD drive or pen
drive
Ø Then select the software
Ø Right click on the software
Ø Choose the option of run as
administrator/open
Ø Click on yes
Ø Next
Ø Copy the key of software
Ø Next
Ø Paste the key
Ø Next
Ø Install now
Ø Finish
How to uninstall the
software?
Ø Open the control panel
Ø Click on program and
features
Ø Click on software
Ø Then click on uninstall
Ø Yes
Ø Finish
How to copy the software in
the pen drive?
Ø Right click on the software
Ø Click on copy
Ø Then open the pen drive
Ø And right click on the blank
space
Ø Click on paste
2nd
PROCESS
Ø Right click on the software
Ø Then go to the send option
Ø And choose the pen drive
How to format the pen drive?
Ø Right click on the pen drive
Ø Choose the option of format
Ø Start
Ø Yes
Ø Finish
How to show hide the Data in
pen drive?
Press the WINDOWS +R button
Open the Run Command.
Type The Command.
CMD
Press the enter key.
Open the dos prompt.
Type the command.
G:
Press the enter key
Attrib –r –h –s * /d /s
How to open the theme?
Ø Open the my computer
Ø Then click on C drive
Ø Choose the option of windows
Ø Type the .JPG (extension file)
VIRUS AND ANTI-VIRUS
What is anti-virus?
Ø Anti-virus is a software
design to detect and destroy computer virus.
Types of Anti-virus:-
Ø (1) Quick heal total
security.
(2) Avast
(3) AVG
(4) Avira
(5) Kaspersky
(6) MC Afee
(7) Norton
(8) Bit defender
(9) Microsoft security
essentials (MSE)
(10) King soft
What is virus?
Ø Infected file is called
virus.
OR
A computer virus is a small
software program that can spread from one computer to another computer.
OR
It is an auto executable file/program
that harmful for the computer system and user data.
Types of virus:-
Ø (1) Boot sector virus
(2) Micro virus
(3) Polymorphic virus
(4) Trojan horse virus
(5) Worm
(6) File infection virus
a) MBR (Master Boot Recorder)
b) DBR (Dos Boot Recorder)
How many types of scan are
available in anti-virus?
Ø (1) Full system scan
(2) Custom scan
(3) Memory scan
(4) Boot time scan
(5) Mobile scan
LAN
(LOCAL AREA NETWORK)
How to connect the computer
in a LAN network?
Ø Requirement
(1) RJ 45 connector
(2) Two computer
(3) LAN cable
Step 1:-
Ø Press the window R key (open
the run command)
Ø Type the command ncpa.cpl
Ø Open the new tab of local
area connection
Ø Right click on the local
area connection
Ø Choose properties
Ø Choose TCP/IPV4
(Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol Version 4)
Ø Click on properties
Ø Write the IP address
Ø IP address 192.168.1.1
Subnet mask 255.255.255.0
Gateway 192.168.1.50
Ø OK
Ø Close
Step 2:-
Ø Right click on the my
computer
Ø Go to the properties
Ø Choose remote setting
Ø Open the new tab of system
properties
Ø (√) allow connections from
computers running any version of remote desktop
Ø Apply
Ø OK
Step 3:-
Ø Open the control panel
Ø Go to the window firewall
option
Ø Click on turn of windows
firewall
Step 4:-
Ø Press the windows key
Ø Type the command in search
box
Ø Remote
Ø Click on the remote desktop
connection
Ø Write the client IP address
for example-192.168.1.2
Ø Click on connect
Ø Type the password of client
system
Ø OK
Ø Click on yes
टोपोलॉजी क्या होता है? –
नेटवर्क का लेआउट होता है। अर्थात् नेटवर्क की आकृति और विभिन्न nodes किस तरह से जुड़ते हैं और कम्युनिकेशन स्थापित करते हैं, यह topology ही निर्धारित करती हैं। अर्थात् किसी नेटवर्क में Computer की Geometric Arrangement को Topology कहते हैं।
नेटवर्क टोपोलॉजी क्या है? –
नेटवर्क टोपोलोजी कम्यूनिकेशन नेटवर्क के तत्वों की व्यवस्था है जैसे; links, Nodes आदि। Network Topology का इस्तेमाल विभिन्न प्रकार के telecommunication networks को व्यवस्थित करने में किया जात है। जिसमें command और control radio networks,
industrial field buses और कम्प्यूटर नेटवर्क शामिल होते हैं। Network Topology उस नेटवर्क का लॉजिकल और फीजिकल topological structure निर्धारित करती है।
रिंग टोपोलॉजी क्या है? –
Ring Topology में सभी कम्प्यूटर एक circular structure में जुडे़ होते हैं। अतः एक दूसरे से जुड़ने पर वे सभी एक दूसरे के ऊपर ही निर्भर करते हैं। इस कम्प्यूटर का कोई host या main controlling computer नहीं होता है अर्थात् Ring Topology Arrangement में कोई भी कंप्यूटर Owner नहीं होता है। इसीलिये इसे Circular भी कहते हैं।
Ring Network की circular व्यवस्था होने पर भी इसमें data transfer साधारण गति से ही होता है। मगर इस व्यवस्था को सुचारू रूप से चलाने के लिये कम्प्यूटरों को यह निर्धारित करना जरूरी होता है कि भेजा गया डेटा उनके लिये नहीं है जिससे कि वह data आगे वाले कम्प्यूटर को पास करते जायें। इससे data भी circulate होता रहता है।
मेष टोपोलॉजी की परिभाषा
मेष
टोपोलॉजी एक
प्रकार
की
ऐसी
नेटवर्किंग
है,
जिसमें
सभी
Node आपस
में
डाटा
वितरित
करते
है।
जिस
तरह
से
इसमें
डाटा
वितरित
किया
जाता
है
तो
यह
एक
जाल
की
आकृति
बनाते
है
इसलिए
इसे Mesh
Topology कहते
है।
यह
नेटवर्क
डाटा
को
डिवाइस
और
क्लाइंट
के
बीच
आसानी
से
रुट
करने
के
लिए
सेट
किये
गए
होते
है।
star topology की परिभाषा
इस टोपोलॉजी में सारे computers (nodes) directly एक hub या switch से connected होते है। star topology का इस्तेमाल सबसे ज्यादा किया जाता है। इसमें एक central network device
या एक hub जो कि एक server की तरह काम करता है और बाकी के सारे computers इस hub या switch से directly
connected रहते है
bus topology की परिभाषा
Topology का पहला प्रकार bus topology होता है। इस तरह के टोपोलॉजी में एक तार (cable) की मदद से ही सारे computers एक – दुसरे से जुड़े होते है। इस cable के शुरू (start) और अंत (end) में एक main device लगा होता है जिसे हम टर्मिनेटर (terminator) के नाम से जानते है। यह टर्मिनेटर Signals को control में रखता है।
Tree Topology की परिभाषा
Tree Topology एक प्रकार की Network Topology है, जिसमें सभी Nodes आपस में इस तरह से जुड़े रहते है की यह एक तरह के पेड़ की तरह दिखाई देता है। ... Tree Topology को कंप्यूटर को Corporate
Network में या डेटाबेस में जानकारी को उचित रूप में रखने के लिए उपयोग किया जाता है।
What is Thin
client
दूसरे शब्दो में कहें तो Thin-client वह कंप्यूटर सिस्टम है, जिसकी अपनी कोई हार्डडिस्क नहीं होती है, बल्कि वह केंद्रीय सर्वर की हार्डडिस्क, Memory stored resources का उपयोग करता है।
नोड की परिभाषा
जब एक से अधिक कम्प्युटर आपस में किसी माध्यम (तार, बेतार) के जरिये एक-दूसरे से जुड जाते हैं तो इसे नेटवर्क कहते हैं. इस दौरान ये आपस में एक-दूसरे से संचार, डाटा आदान-प्रदान, संसाधन शेयर इत्यादि कार्य करते हैं. ... नेटवर्क से जुडे हुए प्रत्येक डिवाईस (कम्प्युटर) को Node (नोड) कहते हैं.
HTML
HYPER TEXT
MARKUP LANGUAGE
What is HTML?
Ø HTML stands for Hyper Text
Markup Language. It was invented by Tim Berners Lee, at ERN, Switzerland at the
Europe Laboratory for Particle Physics. It is most popular language, used to
create an HTML document.
Program of HTML:-
Ø <HTML>
Ø <HEAD>
Ø <TITLE>This is
document title</TITLE>
Ø </HEAD>
Ø <BODY>
Ø <H1>This is a
heading</H1>
Ø <P>Document
description goes here….</P>
Ø </BODY>
Ø </HTML>
Three types of list:-
(1) Ordered list
(2) Unordered list
(3) Definition list
Use of <OL> and
<LI> tags in HTML document:-
Ø <HTML>
Ø <HEAD><TITLE>LIST</TITLE></HEAD>
Ø <BODY
BGCOLOR=”SKYBLUE”>
Ø <P><H3>This is a
default ordered list.</P>
Ø <OL>
Ø <LI>COFFEE</LI>
Ø <LI>TEA</LI>
Ø <LI>MILK</LI>
Ø </OL>
Ø <P><H3>This is a
default list, starting from 50.</P>
Ø <OL Start=”50”>
Ø <LI>COFFEE</LI>
Ø <LI>TEA</LI>
Ø <LI>MILK</LI>
Ø </OL>
Ø <P><H3>This is
an ordered list, starting from capital letter A.</P>
Ø <OL Type=”A”>
Ø <LI>COFFEE</LI>
Ø <LI>TEA</LI>
Ø <LI>MILK</LI>
Ø </OL>
Ø </BODY>
Ø </HTML>
Use of <UL> and
<LI> tags in HTML document:-
Ø <HTML>
Ø <HEAD><TITLE>LIST</TITLE></HEAD>
Ø <BODY
BGCOLOR=”LIGHTGREEN”>
Ø <P><H3>Unordered
list with default bullets.</P>
Ø <UL>
Ø <LI>MOBILE</LI>
Ø <LI>TABLETS</LI>
Ø <LI>IPAD</LI>
Ø </UL>
Ø <P><H3>Unordered
list with circle bullets.</P>
Ø <UL Type=”circle”>
Ø <LI>ELECTRONICS
Ø <LI>APPLIANCES
Ø <LI>FOOTWEAR
Ø </UL>
Ø <P><H3>Unordered
list with square bullets.</P>
Ø <UL Type=”square>
Ø <LI>COMPUTER</LI>
Ø <LI>LAPTOP</LI>
Ø <LI>PALMTOP</LI>
Ø </UL>
Ø </BODY>
Ø </HTML>
INTERNET
How to create Gmail account?
Ø First of all connect the
internet connection
Ø Then click on browser
Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, UC Browser, Google Chrome
Ø Write on the search engine
Ø Type the command create
Gmail account new users
Ø Click on create your Google
account open the new tab of create your Google account
Ø Name Last
Varun Kumar
Ø Choose your user name
VarunKumar@gmail.com
Ø Create password
Ø Confirm password
Ø Birthday
Ø Gender
Ø Mobile no
Ø Current email id
Ø Location
Ø Net step
Ø Open the tab of privacy and terms
Ø Then choose the option of I
agree
Ø Continue
How to log in Gmail account?
Ø Open the browser
Ø Type on the search box Gmail
log in
Ø Open the tab of Gmail log in
page
Ø Write the email id or
password
Ø Click on sign in
How to search Google?
Ø Open the Google
Ø Type anything like example:
- Question Answer, News-Hindi and English, Thought, Images, Movies, Songs,
Music, Latest movies, etc.
How to online shopping?
Ø There are so many sites are
available in a network-
(1) Flipcart.com
(2) Amazon.com
(3) Snapdeal.com
(4) Naptol
(5) Home shop 18.com
(6) Shop clues .com
(7) Vunic.com
How to use online shopping?
Ø Open the browser
Ø Type on the search box
Ø Write the site name,
example-Flipcart, Amazon, Naptol
How to recover mail id
password?
Ø Log in the Gmail page
Ø Write the email id
Ø Type the wrong password
Ø Click on forgot password
Ø Go to the recovery console
type the mobile number or email id
Ø OK
Ø Then open the recovery mail
or mobile phone
Ø Search the code
Ø Type the code
Ø Click on OK
Ø Write the original id or
password
Ø Click on sign in
How to use YouTube?
Ø Open the browser
Ø Type on the search box
Ø You Tube.com
Ø Then search the videos,
latest movie, cartoon, etc.
How many downloader are
available in a net?
Ø IDM (Internet Download
Manager)
Ø You Tube downloader
Ø Video downloader
Ø You Torrent
What is Internet?
Ø The internet is the global
system of inter connected computer networks that use the internet protocol
suite (ICP/IP) to link devices worldwide.
OR
Ø A global computer network
providing a verity of information and communication facilities consisting of
inter connected networks using standardized communication protocols.
What is Intranet?
Ø The intranet based
technologies within an organization to facilitate communication and access to
information an integrating mechanism for people processes and information
within the enterprises.
What is Intranet
application?
Ø An intranet application is a
software data application used primarily on the internet network of an
organization most commonly these types of applications are developed using web
internet technology making them accessible through web browser such as internet
explorer.
How to download movie?
Ø Go to Google and type
“Download You torrent”
Ø Click on the second link and
it will automatically download your You torrent
Ø Then save file and wait for
You torrent to download
Ø Then go to “Torrenty.com” or
“torrentzeu” and search for the desired movie that you want to download
What is Gmail account?
Ø A Gmail account is an email;
account provided by the internet company Google. The service was launched in
2004 and became available to anyone on web.
What is Facebook?
Ø Facebook is a popular free
social networking website that allows registered users to create profiles
upload photos and video. Send messages and keep in touch with friends, family
and collages.
What is WhatsApp?
Ø WhatsApp is a texting
service between mobile phones as a replacement for the regular SMS text
messages.
How to download songs?
Ø (1) Install free make
software download and install free make YouTube to mp3 boom. Run the software.
(2)
Find the music you need. Use the search box to find a song you want to
download.
(3)
Download You Tube songs. Click “download” to save audio tracks.
What is Flipcart.com?
Ø Flipcart is an e-commerce
market place company founded in 2007 by Sachin Bansal and Binny Bansal. The
company is registered in Singapore, but has its headquarters in Bangalore,
Karnataka.
WAN8
(Wide Area Network)
What is WAN?
Ø A computer network in which
the computer connected to each other through internet.
OR
A Computer network that spans a relatively
large geographical area. Typically a WAN consists of two or more local area
networks (LANS) computers connected to a wide area network are often connected
through public networks, such as the telephone system. They can also be
connected through based lines or satellites.
What is Team Viewer?
Ø Team Viewer (Team Viewer 6)
is a popular piece of software used for internet based remote access and
support. Team Viewer software can connect to any NEPC or server so you can
remote control your partners PC as if you were sitting right in front of it.
How to use WAN?
Ø First of all open the
computer
Ø Connect the internet
Ø Install the team viewer
software
Ø Write the team viewer id and
password
.
How to use team viewer?
Ø First of all download team
viewer
Ø Double click on the software
Ø Next
Ø Check in the personal icon
Ø Next
Ø (√) I agree the terms of the
licence agreement
Ø (√) I agree that I will only
use team viewer for non-commercial and private use
Ø Next
Ø Next
Ø Close
OUTLOOK
Difference between windows
XP or windows 7.
|
Windows XP |
Windows 7 |
|
(1)To install minimum
requirement RAM-64MB, Hard disk-1.5GB |
(1)To
install minimum requirement RAM-5/2MB |
|
(2)Driver install manually |
(2)Driver
install automatically |
|
(3)Only IPV4 available |
(3)IPV4 or
IPV6 available |
|
(4)IIS not PRE install |
(4)IIS PRE
install |
|
(5)Internet explorer 6.0
available |
(5)Internet
explorer 7.0 available |
|
(6)It has email account |
(6)It has no
email client but we can install window live mail for mailing purpose. |
|
(7)Windows defender not
available |
(7)Windows
defender available |
|
(8)Parental control not
available |
(8)Parental
control available |
|
(9)Bit locker not
available |
(9)Bit
locker available |
|
(10)It window XP has two
administrator |
(10)Only one
administrator |
|
(11)No arrow start menu
items |
(11)Arrow
start menu items available |
|
(12)Gadgets system not
available |
(12)Gadgets
system available |
|
(13)If windows get
corrupted we can recover through recovery console. |
(13)If
windows get corrupted. It can be repair automatically. |
Difference between OST and
PST?
Ø OST (Offline Storage Table).
When we can work with MS Outlook on office mode, the all files of offline mode
called OST.
PST (Personal Storage Table).
When we can work with MS outlook on online modes the all files of online mode
called PST.
How to repair .PST file?
Ø Go to c drive
Ø Program files
Ø MS Office
Ø Scan PST.exe
Ø Then select the browser
Ø Select your outlook data
files start repair
How to take mail back up in
MS Outlook?
Ø Open MS Outlook tools
Ø Account setting
Ø Data files
Ø Open folder
Ø Copy the outlook backup
Ø Choose MS Outlook
Ø Paste outlook files where
you want to save
How to restore mail backup
in MS Outlook?
Ø Open MS Outlook
Ø File menu
Ø Import & export
Ø Import form another file or
program
Ø Next
Ø Personal storage table (PST)
Ø Next
Ø Browser
Ø Select you
Ø Select your outlook data
file all folder
Ø Finish
Location of scan .PST.
Ø Go to the c drive
Ø Program file
Ø Choose MS Office
Ø Office 1.2
Ø Choose scan PST
Location of OST.
Ø Go to c drive
Ø Program files
Ø MS Office
Ø Office 12 choose OST
Inbox capacity:-
Ø Outlook express – 2GB
Ø 2007 MS Outlook – 20GB
Ø 2010 MS Outlook – 40GB
How to configure account in
MS Outlook?
Ø Click on tools
Ø Account setting
Ø New
Ø Your name
Ø Email id
Ø Password
Ø Next
Ø Finish close
Difference between web mail
and client mail?
|
Client mail |
Web mail |
|
(1)Offline
and online features are available. |
(1)Only
online |
|
(2)Backup
& contact are available |
(2)Not
available |
|
(3)Customization
features available |
(3)Not
available |
|
(4)We
can create multiple account |
(4)No |
Difference between FAT and
NTFS?
|
FAT |
NTFS |
|
(1)It
supports operating system win-98, win-2000, win-XP |
(1)It
support win-XP, Vista, win-7 |
|
(2)It
supports maximum partition size up to 2TB |
(2)It
support maximum partition up to 2TB |
|
(3)It
supports file size 2GB |
(3)16GB |
|
(4)Disk
quota not supported |
(4)Supported |
|
(5)File
encryption not supported |
(5)Supported |
|
(6)It’s
not supported file folder security |
(6)Its
support both |
PRINTER
What is Network printer
(N/W) and Local Printer?
Ø A network printer is share
more than one computer.
A local printer is directly
connected the one computer.
Difference between Local printer and Network printer.
|
Local
printer |
Network
printer |
|
(1)Local
printer connected directly to a host (computer). |
(1)Network
printer directly connected to the network. |
|
(2)Local
printer connected through USB |
(2)Network
printer connected through RJ45 |
|
(3)IP
(Internet Protocol) not used |
(3)Its
used in IP |
|
(4)Spooling problems are
available |
(4)Not available |
PASSWORD
BREAKER
How to burn the CD (Compact Disk)
or DVD without software?
Ø Insert the CD or DVD
Ø Right click on the image of
win7, win8, win10, win XP, password breaker, hiren boot
Ø Open with
Ø Choose the option of windows
disc image burner
Ø Open the new tab of windows
disc image burner
Ø Click on burn
How to crack admin password
through software?
Ø Insert the password breaker
CD or DVD (Digital Versatile Disc)
Ø Restart the system
Ø Press the key F7, F12, F11,
F9, delete
Ø Open the BIOS tab
Ø Choose the option of CD or
DVD/PEND DRIVE
Ø Press the enter key
Ø Press the any key of the
keyboard
Ø Enter
Ø Open the new tab of welcome
to reset windows password
Ø Next
Ø Next
Ø Choose the user name
Ø Next
Ø Reset/change
Ø Yes
Ø Click on save
Ø OK
Ø Exit
Ø Yes
How to upload videos in a
You Tube?
Ø Open the browser
Ø Then type on the search box
You Tube.com
Ø Open the browser of You Tube
Ø Click on upload option
Ø Go to the browser
Ø Select the videos
Ø Then click on OK
